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61.
2019年底,湖北武汉暴发了2019新型冠状病毒感染疾病(COVID-19),并快速在全国蔓延,且在多个国家发现病例。其感染病例和死亡病例在短时间内快速超过重症急性呼吸综合征(SARS),给中国带来了不可估量的损失。中国科研人员在短时间内,快速锁定病原体为2019-nCoV(或hCoV-19或SARS-CoV-2),并且在不同层面开展了相关抗病毒药物的研发工作。本文介绍了抗2019-nCoV新药研发的现状。同时,鉴于突发病原体的药物研发过程相对迟缓,我们建议对于潜在流行可能性的病原体,其药物研发要具有前瞻性,国家层面要推进广谱药物的研发和临床试验,以应对可能出现的疫情风险。 相似文献
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Grand environmental and societal challenges have drawn increasing attention to system innovation and socio-technical transitions. A recent Deep Transitions framework has provided a comprehensive theory of the co-evolutionary patterns of multiple socio-technical systems over the last 250 years. However, so far the framework has not been subjected to systematic empirical exploration. In this paper we address this gap by exploring the co-evolutionary model linking niche-level dynamics, transitions in single systems and ‘great surges of development’, as conceptualized by Schot and Kanger (2018) [1]. For this purpose, we conduct a case study on the historical evolution of mass production in the Transatlantic region from 1765 to 1972. Instead of focusing on dominant technologies or common practices the development of mass production is understood as the emergence of a meta-regime, i.e. a set of mutually aligned rules guiding production activities in multiple socio-technical systems. The results broadly confirm the overall model but also enable to extend the Deep Transitions framework by uncovering new mechanisms and patterns in the variation, diffusion and contestation of meta-regimes. 相似文献
64.
The present study explored the relation between exchanging social support on online teacher groups and teacher self-efficacy. An online survey was conducted inside a massive Facebook teacher group, and 584 elementary school teachers provided information regarding Facebook use, self-efficacy for creative teaching, and the extent to which they provided and received support on the online teacher group. Results showed that teacher self-efficacy varied as a function of years of teaching experience, length of group membership, and the extent to which teachers provided and received social support on the online teacher group. Furthermore, the providing of online support predicted teacher self-efficacy after taking into account the effects of teaching experience and group membership. The findings are discussed in terms of the features and importance of social support exchange on online teacher support groups. 相似文献
65.
Like in many industries, knowledge management is the key to the successful developments of new drugs and other commercialized products in the pharmaceutical sector. Prior studies have shown that knowledge management requires effective external knowledge sourcing strategies. We argue that both the geographic distance to external knowledge sources and the diversity of such sources have strong influences on the success of the search process and the development of new drugs. We test these theoretical assumptions by applying several advanced estimation techniques on a combined broad set of data from the U.S. Patent and Trademarks Office (USPTO) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We find empirical evidence that the intensity of external knowledge sourcing activities has a positive effect on new drugs approval and commercialization. Specifically, our models predict that a higher number of references to prior patents increases the probability of a new patented drug to be approved and commercialized. Furthermore, the geographic distance covered in the search for external knowledge also positively contributes to drug commercialization. Important management implications derived from these findings are also discussed in the paper. 相似文献
66.
马晓楠 ' target='_blank'> 吕振福 ' target='_blank'> 武秋杰 ' target='_blank'> 李作敏 ' target='_blank'> 丁国峰 ' target='_blank'> 《中州煤炭》2020,(11):103-106
我国铅锌矿产资源丰富,生产能力、消费量、出口量居世界前列,是我国的优势矿种。以10个铅锌矿能源资源基地为研究对象,对基地分布、矿山数量、产能结构、开发利用指标、矿业固废循环利用指标等进行了分析研究。研究表明,2018年,我国铅锌矿大型资源基地的矿业集中度和铅锌矿的综合利用率均高于全国平均水平。 相似文献
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68.
Wanyang Li Xuefeng Yang Shouren Wang Jupeng Xiao Qimin Hou 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):10442-10463
This article mainly discusses the research status and development trends of ceramics for automotive disc-brakes. According to the ceramic disc-brakes, various properties and characteristics, including fracture toughness, strength, compactness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, micro-morphology, and thermal stabilities are analyzed. In the field of disc-brakes research, the research directions of the ceramics, including high-temperature performance, bionic structure, layered structure, porous structure, eutectic performance, superhard structure, and machinability are analyzed. The analysis of ceramics is expected to find disc-brake materials in line with the future development trends. 相似文献
69.
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are recognized long membrane nanotubes connecting distance cells. In the last decade, growing evidence has shown that these subcellular structures mediate the specific transfer of cellular materials, pathogens, and electrical signals between cells. As intercellular bridges, they play a unique role in embryonic development, collective cell migration, injured cell recovery, cancer treatment resistance, and pathogen propagation. Although TNTs have been considered as potential drug targets for treatment, there is still a long way to go to translate the research findings into clinical practice. Herein, we emphasize the heterogeneous nature of TNTs by systemically summarizing the current knowledge on their morphology, structure, and biogenesis in different types of cells. Furthermore, we address the communication efficiency and biological outcomes of TNT-dependent transport related to diseases. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of TNTs as an exciting therapeutic approach by focusing on the development of efficient and safe drugs targeting TNTs. 相似文献
70.